VA Decision Letters
How to Read Your VA Decision Letter
Your VA rating decision explains what was granted, what was denied, which evidence VA reviewed, and the reasoning behind each outcome. Understanding the reasons section is the fastest way to figure out what to do next.
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The parts of a rating decision
Most decisions contain a summary of the issues decided, a codesheet listing each condition with its Diagnostic Code, percentage and effective date, a list of the evidence considered, and a reasons-for-decision narrative.
The narrative usually names the specific missing element for anything denied — no current diagnosis, no in-service event, or no nexus. That sentence tells you what evidence would matter next.
- Issues decided and outcome for each
- Diagnostic Code and percentage assigned
- Effective date for each grant
- Evidence considered
- Reasons for decision and favorable findings
Choosing what to do next
If VA made a mistake applying the law or overlooked evidence already in the file, a Higher-Level Review may fit. If you have new and relevant evidence, a supplemental claim is usually the right lane. Deadlines apply, so note the date on the letter.
Frequently asked questions
What are favorable findings?
Favorable findings are conclusions VA made in your favor. They are binding on VA in later decisions unless clear and unmistakable error is shown.
How long do I have to appeal?
Most decision review options must be filed within one year of the decision notice date. Check the date printed on your letter.
Why was my effective date earlier or later than expected?
Effective dates usually run from the date VA received the claim, with exceptions for supplemental claims filed within a year and certain presumptive changes.
StratForge Pro tool
Need help understanding your decision letter?
Use the StratForge Decision Letter Explainer to analyze VA decision language and identify important findings.
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Related StratForge tools
Ask a senior reviewer to take a second look at the same evidence.
Reopen a decision with new and relevant evidence.
Free guide: how to request, access, and understand your VA claims file.
Plain-English rating criteria drawn from 38 CFR Part 4.
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