How to read a VA decision letter
VA decision letters are dense, but they follow a predictable structure. This guide walks you through the key sections so you can understand what was decided, why it was decided, and what you can do next.
Find the rating decision section
Every VA decision letter opens with basic claim information, then moves to the Rating Decision. This is where the VA lists each condition claimed, the decision (granted, denied, or deferred), and the assigned disability percentage.
Read the reasons and bases
The Reasons and Bases section explains why the VA reached each decision. It cites the evidence reviewed, the applicable laws and regulations, and the rationale for the rating percentage. This is the section to read carefully if you disagree.
Check effective dates and next steps
Effective dates determine when your rating begins and when compensation should start. The letter also includes appeal deadlines, typically one year from the decision date, and instructions for a Higher-Level Review, Supplemental Claim, or Board Appeal.
Common reasons a claim is denied
If your condition was denied, the letter will usually match one of these patterns. Use it as a checklist for the evidence you may need to gather.
- No current diagnosis in a medical record.
- No clear link (nexus) between the condition and military service.
- The VA found another cause for the symptoms.
- The evidence did not show the condition is chronic or ongoing.
- The claimed condition is already at the maximum schedular rating.
What does "deferred" mean?
A deferred decision means the VA needs more evidence or development before it can rate the condition. It is not a denial. Common causes include missing service treatment records, a needed Compensation and Pension (C&P) exam, or clarification from a medical provider.
How StratForge helps
StratForge Veterans AI can upload your decision letter and extract the granted, denied, and deferred conditions into plain-English cards. You can then ask follow-up questions, compare the letter to your other records, and identify missing evidence.
Disclaimer: This guide is educational and does not constitute legal, medical, or VSO advice. Always consult a qualified representative before filing an appeal.